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Filings / Childcare / Sources / Claim ledger — research record (R001–R
GBMT-1 · Research record · No. 1

Claim ledger — research record (R001–R522)

childcare/research/ledger-record.md
This is a working research document from the childcare filing, published as written — including the parts later corrected. It is the underlying record for Whitepaper No. 1, not a summary of it.

Extraction ledger for childcare/docs/, childcare/research/, and childcare/baseline/, built per Verification Protocol V3. Enumeration only — no verdicts here.

Same caveat as ledger-public.md: produced by the cheap extraction layer, so inferential claims are under-represented relative to numeric ones. Carries the deeper record's claims, which future filings cite and which must be sound even where the public never sees them.

Claim Extraction Ledger — GBMT-1 Childcare Filing

ID Claim (verbatim or tight paraphrase) Location (file + line) Type Source cited in the record
R001 US children ages 0–12, civilian population: 51,238,687 as of July 1, 2024 baseline-v0.md:14 ANCHOR Census PEP Vintage 2024
R002 Infant/toddler (0–2): 11,085,434 children baseline-v0.md:11 NUMBER Census PEP Vintage 2024
R003 Preschool (3–4): 7,513,880 children baseline-v0.md:12 NUMBER Census PEP Vintage 2024
R004 School-age (5–12): 32,639,373 children baseline-v0.md:13 NUMBER Census PEP Vintage 2024
R005 Age-0 cohort is 3.62M vs. 4.17M at age 9 — a ~13% decline across a decade of births baseline-v0.md:19 NUMBER Census PEP, inferred from data
R006 School-age is 64% of the 0–12 population baseline-v0.md:20 NUMBER Calculated from denominators
R007 59% of children ≤5 and not yet in kindergarten were in at least one weekly nonparental care arrangement baseline-v0.md:24 NUMBER 2019 NHES-ECPP via NCES
R008 Among participants in nonparental care: 62% center-based baseline-v0.md:24 NUMBER 2019 NHES-ECPP via NCES
R009 Among participants in nonparental care: 38% relative care baseline-v0.md:24 NUMBER 2019 NHES-ECPP via NCES
R010 Among participants in nonparental care: 20% nonrelative baseline-v0.md:24 NUMBER 2019 NHES-ECPP via NCES
R011 CCDF discretionary + mandatory spending: ≈$12B, FY2025 baseline-v0.md:31 NUMBER FFYF
R012 Head Start spending: ≈$12B, FY2025 baseline-v0.md:32 NUMBER FFYF
R013 State pre-K spending: $13.6B including $257M COVID relief, SY2023–24 baseline-v0.md:33 NUMBER NIEER 2024 Yearbook
R014 21st CCLC (school-age) spending: $1.329B, FY2025 baseline-v0.md:34 NUMBER Afterschool Alliance
R015 PDG B-5 spending: $315M, FY2025 baseline-v0.md:35 NUMBER FFYF
R016 Four states (CA, NJ, NY, TX) account for >50% of all state pre-K spending baseline-v0.md:38 CAUSAL NIEER
R017 Licensed FCC homes: 106,889 (2019) → 94,936 (2022) — an ~11% decline — in the 39 states with available data baseline-v0.md:42 NUMBER Urban Institute / CCAoA
R018 Licensed centers: returned to and surpassed pre-pandemic counts in 2022, +3% from 2021→2022 baseline-v0.md:43 NUMBER CCAoA Catalyzing Growth
R019 BBB cost (CBO, House-passed): $381.5B / 2022–31 baseline-v0.md:9 ANCHOR CBO 57630
R020 Warren-style universal 0–5 plans: ≈$600B+ / 10 yr ws03-cost.md:10 ANCHOR Cornell tip sheet
R021 BPC cost-of-the-gap: $216–329B / 10 yr in lost output ws03-cost.md:11 NUMBER BPC
R022 Current family price (demand-side scale): avg $13,128/child/yr — 10% of dual-, 35% of single-income earnings ws03-cost.md:12 ANCHOR BPC 2025
R023 Childcare workers median wage: 15.41/hr32,050/yr (May 2024) ws04-workforce.md:7 NUMBER BLS OEWS, CSCCE Index 2024
R024 Childcare workers: 10th lowest of 825 occupations with published wage data ws04-workforce.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT BLS OEWS
R025 National median occupational wage: $49,500 ws04-workforce.md:7 NUMBER BLS
R026 Cleveland Fed: occupational exit from childcare ran ~65% above a typical job (2010–2022) ws04-workforce.md:9 CAUSAL Cleveland Fed
R027 DC Pay Equity Fund: 64% same-center retention when educators left, most exited the DC field entirely ws04-workforce.md:12 PROGRAM-FACT Urban Institute (May 2025) / ERIC ED673560
R028 Mathematica: DC Pay Equity Fund one-year ROI of 23% ws04-workforce.md:13 NUMBER Results for America
R029 DC Pay Equity Fund: $70M appropriated for FY26 vs. $92.4M needed for full funding in FY27 ws04-workforce.md:14 NUMBER The 74
R030 FTE requirement: 2.8M FTEs central (1.9–3.9M range); net new ≈1.76M ws04-workforce.md:22 ANCHOR FTE model (baseline/scripts/fte_model.py)
R031 Required hiring flow at central ramp: ≈798k hires/yr (220k growth + 579k turnover replacement) ws04-workforce.md:20 ANCHOR FTE model
R032 Current childcare workforce: ≈1.05M jobs pre-pandemic baseline-v0.md:32 ANCHOR BLS CES
R033 CDA credentials issued: ~40,000 CDA credentials/yr including renewals ws04-workforce.md:25 NUMBER CDA Council
R034 Pipeline throughput vs. net-new requirement: ~40,000 vs ~220k/yr — under 20% of growth hiring ws04-workforce.md:25 CAUSAL CDA Council data
R035 Private family spending for young children: ~$42B/yr (2020) ws04-workforce.md:27 ANCHOR Treasury/CNBC
R036 Wage parity delta: $45.9B/yr = 65% of the wage increment but ≈42% of the plausible total increment ws04-workforce.md:21 NUMBER FTE model calculation
R037 Steady state at parity, full 0–12 scope, central scenario: ≈$209B/yr ws04-workforce.md:21 ANCHOR FTE model
R038 Deserts: 46% of children under 6 live in a licensed-care desert (2025) ws05-facilities.md:7 NUMBER CAP, FFYF
R039 Desert proportion improved from 51% of Americans (2018) to 46% (2025) ws05-facilities.md:7 CAUSAL CAP, FFYF
R040 Rural deserts worsened to >70% from ~66% ws05-facilities.md:7 NUMBER CAP, FFYF
R041 Post-pandemic supply recovery was non-rural ws05-facilities.md:8 CAUSAL CAP, FFYF
R042 State spread on deserts: AK 96%, HI 95%, ID 83% vs. DC 5%, MA 21% ws05-facilities.md:7 NUMBER CAP, FFYF
R043 Canada's CWELCC: 194,000 of 284,000 targeted new spaces delivered nationally (as of Sept 30, 2025) phase0-findings.md:14 NUMBER none stated
R044 Ontario delivered ~36,000 of 48,000 CWELCC spaces phase0-findings.md:14 NUMBER none stated
R045 Ontario fees average ≈$19/day, not $10; the $10 deadline has been extended to December 31, 2026 phase0-findings.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R046 Ontario alone needs up to 10,000 more ECEs; centres report unfilled existing spaces because they cannot staff them phase0-findings.md:16 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R047 57% of new spaces in Canada are for-profit phase0-findings.md:17 NUMBER none stated
R048 Ontario is pushing to lift the for-profit cap in its federal agreement phase0-findings.md:17 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R049 CBO BBB score ($381.5B vs. $400B line item) embeds an assumption of substantial state non-participation phase0-findings.md:23 CAUSAL CBO 57630
R050 Protocol §1.4 bands: 0–~3, ~3–5, ~5–12 research-inquiry.md:63-66 STATUTORY none (protocol specification)
R051 Roughly 75 non-school weekdays a year for school-age children (summer, breaks, holidays, in-service days) research-inquiry.md:66 NUMBER none stated
R052 ~180 non-school days historically counted weekends; corrected to ~75 weekdays employment-relevant protocol-review.md:137 NUMBER none stated
R053 Income surtax (Multnomah County Preschool for All) is an example revenue instrument research-inquiry.md:110 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R054 New Mexico 2022 constitutional amendment dedicating Land Grant Permanent Fund revenue research-inquiry.md:274 STATUTORY none stated
R055 Vermont Act 76 (2023, payroll-tax funded) research-inquiry.md:274 STATUTORY none stated
R056 Georgia: lottery-funded universal 4s, mid-1990s protocol-review.md:18 PROGRAM-FACT none stated (but confirmed in ws15)
R057 Georgia universal pre-K coverage rate: ~55% protocol-review.md:48 NUMBER none stated
R058 Oklahoma: universal pre-K, late 1990s; >70% of 4-year-olds covered protocol-review.md:18, protocol-review.md:48 PROGRAM-FACT none stated (but verified in Phase 0)
R059 Oklahoma: pre-K inside the school aid formula, no new program apparatus protocol-review.md:48 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R060 Florida: universal VPK by constitutional amendment, mid-2000s protocol-review.md:18 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R061 The 1971 bill (CCDA) passed both chambers research-inquiry.md:269 STATUTORY none stated
R062 The 1971 bill was vetoed (read the veto message) research-inquiry.md:269 STATUTORY none stated
R063 Build Back Better childcare/pre-K title was House-passed in Nov 2021 research-inquiry.md:119 STATUTORY none stated
R064 Build Back Better childcare title died in the Senate ws10-politics.md:8 STATUTORY none stated
R065 Head Start Act is federal-to-local, bypassing states, with its own standards and designation-renewal system research-inquiry.md:335 STATUTORY none stated
R066 CCDF authorization lapsed after its 2014 reauthorization period while appropriations continued research-inquiry.md:303 STATUTORY none stated
R067 Reconciliation bills are limited to one per budget resolution in practice research-inquiry.md:294 STATUTORY none stated
R068 Byrd rule: provisions whose budgetary effect is incidental to their policy purpose are strippable research-inquiry.md:292 STATUTORY none stated
R069 The $15 minimum wage was struck from the American Rescue Plan (2021) ws11-legislative.md:7 STATUTORY Manhattan Institute, EPIC
R070 The parliamentarian found a wage mandate's budgetary effects "merely incidental" to a private-sector transfer ws11-legislative.md:7 STATUTORY Manhattan Institute, EPIC
R071 BBB immigration provisions were struck as non-budgetary ws11-legislative.md:8 STATUTORY AILA
R072 KinderCare Q2 2025: revenue $700.1M (+1.5% YoY) but same-center occupancy declined 130bp to ~71% ws12-private-capital.md:7 NUMBER KinderCare earnings coverage
R073 KinderCare full-time enrollment −1.4% YoY ws12-private-capital.md:7 NUMBER KinderCare earnings coverage
R074 Bright Horizons 2025: closed 90 centers ws12-private-capital.md:8 NUMBER TheStreet
R075 Bright Horizons guiding to net −25 to −30 centers for the year ws12-private-capital.md:8 NUMBER Bright Horizons 10-Q
R076 Bright Horizons center-occupancy distribution: 44% >70% / 44% 40–70% / 12% <40% enrolled ws12-private-capital.md:8 NUMBER Bright Horizons 10-Q
R077 Chain occupancy at ~71% ws09-market-response.md:14 NUMBER KinderCare Q2 2025 data
R078 ~29% slack in chain-served markets ws09-market-response.md:14 NUMBER Calculated from 71% occupancy
R079 §45F (employer-provided childcare credit): GAO — only a couple hundred claims, <$20M combined (2016) ws12-private-capital.md:14 NUMBER GAO via TPC, CRS
R080 §45F recently expanded: credit to $500K, 40% of expenditures; $600K/50% small-business ws12-private-capital.md:14 STATUTORY BPC, IRS
R081 Tri-Share Michigan: $14M cumulative family savings since 2021 ws12-private-capital.md:15 NUMBER MiLEAP
R082 Tri-Share replicas in: OH, WV, CT, ND, IN, MO ws12-private-capital.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT EdSurge
R083 $14M Michigan savings over ~4 years ≈ ~1,000 child-years of average-priced care ws12-private-capital.md:15 CAUSAL MiLEAP data
R084 Dependent care FSA (DCAP) cap has been nominally near-frozen for decades research-inquiry.md:397 STATUTORY none stated
R085 DCAP raised to $7,500 for 2026 README.md:3 STATUTORY BLS/IRS
R086 Australia demand-side subsidy: fees have outrun subsidy increases (avg hourly fee +4.4% YoY) ws15-precedents.md:20 CAUSAL Guardian/pressreader
R087 Quebec 1997–present: 30,688 children on the waiting list as of May 31, 2025 ws15-precedents.md:7 NUMBER CBC
R088 Quebec estimated shortage: >60,000 spots ws15-precedents.md:7 NUMBER CBC
R089 Quebec subsidy queue in place for 25+ years ws15-precedents.md:9 CAUSAL CBC 2021
R090 Germany 2013– : Legal entitlement to a place from age 1 ws15-precedents.md:13 STATUTORY Handbook Germany
R091 Germany courts have ruled staff shortages do not void the entitlement ws15-precedents.md:14 STATUTORY The Local, Handbook Germany
R092 Germany multi-year waits persist in major cities despite the entitlement ws15-precedents.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT The Local
R093 ARPA stabilization program: $24B expended ws09-market-response.md:5 NUMBER CEA analysis
R094 During ARPA: costs fell while funds flowed; 220k providers sustained ws09-market-response.md:9-10 CAUSAL CEA
R095 After ARPA expiry: prices resumed rising; parents lacking access 17.7% → 22.2% in two quarters ws09-market-response.md:10 CAUSAL CEA, NWLC
R096 11 states + DC self-funded stopgaps after ARPA cliff ws09-market-response.md:10 PROGRAM-FACT NWLC
R097 Access deterioration after ARPA stabilization cliff: rose 17.7% → 22.2% (fall 2023 → spring 2024) ws08-demand.md:10 NUMBER CEA
R098 Under-3s most commonly in individual unpaid care (26.5%, NSECE 2019) ws08-demand.md:7 NUMBER ACF/NSECE
R099 3–5s most commonly in center-based care (42.1%, NSECE 2019) ws08-demand.md:7 NUMBER ACF/NSECE
R100 ~40% of households with under-5s use no regular nonparental care ws08-demand.md:8 NUMBER NSECE (~60% use CCEE regularly)
R101 73% of sub-poverty households pay $0 out of pocket (Head Start, subsidies, kin care) ws08-demand.md:9 NUMBER NSECE cost-burden snapshot
R102 Near-poor (100–200% FPL) face the worst burdens, >20% of income ws08-demand.md:9 NUMBER NSECE cost-burden snapshot
R103 America After 3PM 2025: unmet afterschool demand at all-time high ws08-demand.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT Afterschool Alliance
R104 6.7M middle-school students' parents want afterschool program; 5.2M (nearly 4 in 5) can't get one ws08-demand.md:11 NUMBER America After 3PM 2025, Wallace
R105 Tennessee VPK: RCT found achievement gains gone by end of kindergarten ws07-quality.md:7 CAUSAL AERA Open RD design
R106 Tennessee VPK: negative effects on state test scores by 3rd grade, larger by 6th ws07-quality.md:7 CAUSAL AERA Open RD, 6th-grade follow-up
R107 Tennessee VPK: more disciplinary infractions, worse attendance, more special-ed placement ws07-quality.md:7 CAUSAL Vanderbilt
R108 Boston pre-K lottery experiment: +6pp high-school graduation, +5pp college attendance, +5pp college graduation ws07-quality.md:8 CAUSAL NBER w28756
R109 Boston pre-K: fewer suspensions ws07-quality.md:8 CAUSAL NBER w28756
R110 Boston Weiland et al. 2025: no lasting test benefits through middle school ws07-quality.md:8 CAUSAL EdWorkingPapers
R111 The 1971 CCDA passed both chambers ws10-politics.md:5 STATUTORY none stated (framing via recollection)
R112 1971 Nixon veto framed federal childcare as against the "family-centered approach" ws10-politics.md:5 ATTRIBUTION none stated (recollected language)
R113 NHSA endorsed BBB's structure ws10-politics.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT NHSA press release
R114 Red-state universal pre-K (GA/OK/FL): 20–30 years durable across partisan turnover ws10-politics.md:14 CAUSAL ws15 documentation
R115 DC PEF: proven program, annually contested funding, funded below requirement ws10-politics.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT ws04 documentation
R116 ARPA cliff: temporary funding built capacity that visibly collapsed on schedule ws10-politics.md:15 CAUSAL ws09 documentation
R117 The Unifying Framework for the ECE Profession: 15-organization consensus artifact ws13-civil-society.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT NAEYC
R118 Signatories to Unifying Framework include: NEA, NHSA, SEIU, ZERO TO THREE ws13-civil-society.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT NAEYC
R119 California 2020 collective-bargaining win for family child care providers (AFSCME) ws13-civil-society.md:12 STATUTORY AFSCME, EdSource
R120 BBB childcare title passed the House intact ws13-civil-society.md:15 STATUTORY ws10 documentation
R121 BBB childcare title wasn't killed by coalition fracture; it died with its vehicle ws13-civil-society.md:15 CAUSAL ws10 documentation
R122 Medicaid holdout states: FL/GA overlap identified README.md:5 PROGRAM-FACT KFF Medicaid expansion data
R123 10 verified Medicaid holdout states README.md:5 NUMBER KFF
R124 Georgia 1995: first universal pre-K; lottery; mixed delivery phase0-findings.md:33 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R125 Oklahoma 1998: funding formula; >70% of 4s phase0-findings.md:33 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R126 Florida: ballot-approved, operating 2005 phase0-findings.md:33 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R127 Labor share: Treasury floor is 50–60%, center personnel commonly 70–80% phase0-findings.md:31 NUMBER Treasury; centers data
R128 Protocol's ⅔–⅘ was too narrow at the bottom (labor share verification) phase0-findings.md:31 CAUSAL phase0-findings verification
R129 Baker–Gruber–Milligan (NBER w11832): 271 citations phase0-findings.md:38 ATTRIBUTION OpenAlex
R130 Cornelissen et al. (JPE 2018): cited in searches phase0-findings.md:38 ATTRIBUTION OpenAlex
R131 BGM long-run follow-up (AEJ:Policy 2019): cited in searches phase0-findings.md:38 ATTRIBUTION OpenAlex
R132 OpenAlex's free API returned the §0.2 canon on the first query phase0-findings.md:37 PROGRAM-FACT OpenAlex
R133 Semantic Scholar's API is a backup channel phase0-findings.md:44 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R134 No MCP connector for academic search exists in the registry as of this date phase0-findings.md:44 PROGRAM-FACT none stated (date: 2026-08-03)
R135 Oklahoma's funding-formula route: pre-K inside the school aid formula, no new program apparatus phase0-findings.md:48 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R136 Red-state scan surfaced coverage rates: GA ~55%, OK >70% of 4-year-olds phase0-findings.md:48 NUMBER phase0-findings
R137 Protocol review identified case-selection bias toward progressive jurisdictions protocol-review.md:14-22 CAUSAL none stated
R138 The protocol's US state cases are all recent, all progressive, all primarily financing wins protocol-review.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R139 Red-state universal pre-K proof that universality can be enacted and durable in conservative states protocol-review.md:18 ATTRIBUTION protocol-review.md
R140 Florida: high coverage, low standards, low cost protocol-review.md:18 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R141 Georgia's lottery earmark is a revenue instrument missing from §3's list protocol-review.md:18 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R142 Canada's 2021 federal-provincial $10/day agreements (CWELCC) are the natural experiment protocol-review.md:19 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R143 Canada's CWELCC has observable results: reported fee reductions, expansion shortfalls, workforce shortages, for-profit-participation fight protocol-review.md:19 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R144 UK's free-hours entitlement: funded rate persistently below delivery cost produced provider exits protocol-review.md:20 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R145 Netherlands childcare benefits scandal: falsely accused thousands of families of fraud, disproportionately immigrant backgrounds protocol-review.md:20 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R146 Netherlands scandal brought down a government protocol-review.md:20 CAUSAL none stated
R147 NYC pre-K scale-up: tens of thousands of seats in about two years protocol-review.md:20 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R148 Home-care allowance of the kind several countries operate; Finland's is the canonical case protocol-review.md:25 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R149 CCDF already permits relative-caregiver payment at the margins protocol-review.md:25 STATUTORY none stated
R150 Home-care allowances measurably depress maternal employment (Nordic literature) protocol-review.md:25 CAUSAL none stated
R151 Home-care allowances poll well with exactly the constituencies every other architecture alienates protocol-review.md:25 CAUSAL none stated
R152 §1.2 gestures at objective function (child vs. parent entitlement) but scorecard has no objective attached protocol-review.md:36 CAUSAL none stated
R153 The protocol's hypothesis set tilts uniformly skeptical protocol-review.md:41 CAUSAL none stated
R154 The protocol provides no mechanism to falsify its pessimistic priors protocol-review.md:41 CAUSAL none stated
R155 The protocol's source lists are convenience samples from the author's memory rather than the product of a search procedure protocol-review.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R156 The empirical economics literature is almost entirely missing from the protocol protocol-review.md:52 CAUSAL none stated
R157 Childcare-market microeconomics canon: Blau, Herbst on subsidies, Handbook chapters protocol-review.md:52 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R158 Quasi-experimental universal-program literature: Havnes–Mogstad on Norway, Cornelissen et al. on Germany, Fort–Ichino–Zanella on Bologna protocol-review.md:52 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R159 Tulsa/Gormley pre-K studies are the most-studied US universal programs protocol-review.md:52 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R160 The scorecard has no scoring method; as written, nothing constrains 190 judgment calls protocol-review.md:59-60 CAUSAL none stated
R161 The implicit equal weighting of scorecard dimensions is itself a hidden judgment protocol-review.md:60 CAUSAL none stated
R162 §12.4 instructs checking whether funder concentration causes certain design options to receive systematically less analytical attention protocol-review.md:28 ATTRIBUTION protocol-review.md
R163 The protocol then omitted home-based care and cash-to-families from its own architecture list protocol-review.md:28 CAUSAL none stated
R164 Program integrity is missing entirely from the protocol protocol-review.md:70 CAUSAL none stated
R165 Improper-payment findings in CCDF are a recurring GAO/OIG theme protocol-review.md:74 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R166 Recent political history includes a headline nine-figure pandemic-era fraud case in child-nutrition space protocol-review.md:74 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R167 Netherlands ran aggressive algorithmic fraud detection on childcare benefits protocol-review.md:75 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R168 Netherlands falsely accused thousands of families — disproportionately immigrant backgrounds protocol-review.md:75 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R169 Netherlands clawed back benefits ruinously protocol-review.md:75 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R170 Netherlands scandal collapsed a government protocol-review.md:75 CAUSAL none stated
R171 Demand-side architectures inherit the Netherlands risk class wholesale protocol-review.md:75 CAUSAL none stated
R172 Attendance-based payment destabilizes providers protocol-review.md:77 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R173 Integrity pressure pushes toward attendance-basis protocol-review.md:77 CAUSAL none stated
R174 Liability insurance is a documented center-closer protocol-review.md:81 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R175 FCC entry is a hard constraint on FCC entry (liability) protocol-review.md:81 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R176 The school-age workforce is a different labor pool from the 0–5 workforce protocol-review.md:83 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R177 Post-2014 CCDBG comprehensive-check requirements produced months-long processing backlogs in some states protocol-review.md:84 PROGRAM-FACT none stated (to be verified)
R178 At ramp speed, check-processing capacity is a binding input alongside credentialing protocol-review.md:84 CAUSAL none stated
R179 CCDF has tribal set-asides with distinct rules and government-to-government relationship protocol-review.md:85 STATUTORY none stated
R180 Territories have their own funding treatment protocol-review.md:85 STATUTORY none stated
R181 Nordic and Quebec literatures on fertility effects; second-order but compounding over decade protocol-review.md:86 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R182 Interstate migration under uneven state adoption is real in Medicaid gap protocol-review.md:86 CAUSAL none stated
R183 Migration changes political economy of holdout states protocol-review.md:86 CAUSAL none stated
R184 Childcare need is countercyclical; payroll-tax and state revenues are procyclical protocol-review.md:87 CAUSAL none stated
R185 State balanced-budget rules force cuts at maximum need protocol-review.md:87 CAUSAL none stated
R186 No architecture is currently stress-tested against a recession year protocol-review.md:87 CAUSAL none stated
R187 The protocol treats research as something that happens before rollout protocol-review.md:89 CAUSAL none stated
R188 Staged implementation is an evaluation design if built as one protocol-review.md:91 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R189 Lottery allocation where oversubscribed enables evaluation protocol-review.md:91 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R190 Staggered geography enables difference-in-differences protocol-review.md:91 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R191 Desert metric (licensed slots per child) counts only licensed supply protocol-review.md:95 CAUSAL none stated
R192 §1.3 and §17 insist FFN and license-exempt care are large, poorly measured share of real market protocol-review.md:95 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R193 Protocol questions completeness of licensed-supply data in one section and consumes metric built entirely on it in another protocol-review.md:95 CAUSAL none stated
R194 "Desert" metric contradicts the protocol's own premise protocol-review.md:95 CAUSAL none stated
R195 Desert metric does not predict actual unmet demand (waitlists, parental search failure, labor-force effects) once informal care is accounted for protocol-review.md:95 CAUSAL none stated
R196 Every parent and provider input arrives through intermediary — surveys, associations, advocacy synthesis protocol-review.md:98 CAUSAL none stated
R197 Tacit operational knowledge systematically fails to survive aggregation protocol-review.md:98 CAUSAL none stated
R198 Public-comment dockets on CCDF rulemakings narrow the gap (§8 and §12 required sources) protocol-review.md:99 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R199 State legislative testimony from operating providers and OIG/GAO interview-based reports protocol-review.md:99 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R200 The pre-registration analog: once execution starts, the protocol text is the commitment device protocol-review.md:107 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R201 Per-hypothesis adjudication criteria prevent motivated synthesis protocol-review.md:108 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R202 Symmetric steelmanning is the single strongest guard against bias protocol-review.md:109 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R203 Two-source rule: every load-bearing empirical claim needs two sources of different types protocol-review.md:110 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R204 Much of the childcare field is citogenesis — one estimate laundered through dozen reports protocol-review.md:110 CAUSAL none stated
R205 Anchor quarantine: move every numeric prior into single appendix table with columns protocol-review.md:112 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R206 An anchor that was wrong is a finding about the protocol's priors protocol-review.md:112 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R207 One such anchor: the "180 days" framing counted weekends; employment-relevant figure is ~75 weekdays protocol-review.md:112 NUMBER none stated
R208 Exhibit for why the quarantine table should exist protocol-review.md:112 CAUSAL none stated
R209 Adversarial presentation for polarized literatures where field genuinely disagrees protocol-review.md:114 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R210 Quebec child outcomes are contested; literature is genuinely polarized protocol-review.md:114 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R211 Tennessee VPK shows polarized field findings protocol-review.md:114 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R212 Head Start fade-out is a contested finding protocol-review.md:114 ATTRIBUTION none stated
R213 Microdata-first baseline from public microdata (ACS, SIPP, CPS supplements, NSECE) with reproducible pipeline protocol-review.md:122 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R214 Reproducible baseline converts from "citable" to "checkable" protocol-review.md:122 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R215 Code and data vintages should be committed alongside the report protocol-review.md:122 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R216 Named quantitative deliverables per workstream should specify output tables in advance protocol-review.md:123 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R217 Uncertainty as bands, not adjectives; key quantities reported as P10/P50/P90 protocol-review.md:124 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R218 Confidence grading: three-tier GRADE-style scheme (strong/moderate/weak evidence) protocol-review.md:125 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R219 Two-method rule for load-bearing parameters: labor share, turnover, take-up elasticity protocol-review.md:126 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R220 Each parameter estimated by at least two independent routes protocol-review.md:126 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R221 Proposed operationalization of "binding": relax constraint alone, would materially raise achievable coverage or ramp rate protocol-review.md:127 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R222 Practical test for binding: if budget doubled, what would stop output from doubling? protocol-review.md:127 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R223 Apply binding test per design and per age band protocol-review.md:127 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R224 Phase-gate execution: Phase 0 of a few days first protocol-review.md:145 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R225 Phase 0's job: fire kill conditions early or re-rank workstreams protocol-review.md:145 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R226 External review before execution recommended protocol-review.md:146 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R227 The protocol now lives in version control — required for freeze-and-deviations discipline protocol-review.md:147 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R228 Freeze point: protocol as of commit b12c6fc (2026-08-03) deviations-log.md:2 DATE none stated
R229 H2.1 adjudicated from published NSECE snapshots instead of SIPP/NSECE microdata deviations-log.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R230 Microdata acquisition/processing exceeds session scope deviations-log.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R231 Precision reduced (±pp unknown); direction unaffected; microdata pass remains queued deviations-log.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R232 Scorecard double-scoring done as same-analyst shuffled re-score in same session deviations-log.md:8 CAUSAL none stated
R233 Single-agent execution weaker independence than intended deviations-log.md:8 CAUSAL none stated
R234 Independent re-score by second reviewer remains queued deviations-log.md:8 CAUSAL none stated
R235 §16 sequencing drafted before formal scorecard ran deviations-log.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R236 Sequencing to be re-checked against formal scorecard output deviations-log.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R237 FTE model uses representative licensing ratios and coverage scenarios deviations-log.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R238 National totals robust to ±1 ratio point deviations-log.md:10 NUMBER none stated
R239 State detail queued deviations-log.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R240 Scorecard consolidated to 14 dimensions from protocol's 23 deviations-log.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R241 Omitted dimensions fold into retained ones or lack pass-level evidence deviations-log.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R242 Full-dimension pass queued with second-reviewer re-score deviations-log.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R243 Re-score performed on 3-architecture sample, not full matrix deviations-log.md:12 CAUSAL none stated
R244 Two ±1 adjustments applied; top-4 unchanged deviations-log.md:12 CAUSAL none stated
R245 Full independent re-score queued deviations-log.md:12 CAUSAL none stated
R246 Anchor rows 6, 7, 10, 13–18, 20 remain unverified after pass 2 deviations-log.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R247 Search returns did not cover them; two-source rule enforced deviations-log.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R248 Pass 3 closed anchors 6, 10, 14, 15 deviations-log.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R249 Rows 7 (initiative states), 16 (background-check backlogs), 20 (Head Start/Lanham dates) remain blank deviations-log.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R250 None blank rows are load-bearing for current conclusions deviations-log.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R251 ARPA price-effect replication attempted and found absent — OpenAlex full-corpus check returned 4 items, none evaluative deviations-log.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R252 The literature does not yet exist (not a search failure) deviations-log.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R253 ws09 conclusion holds at single-source-family confidence deviations-log.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R254 Register entry added to §17 deviations-log.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R255 H4.2 supported with criteria met: ~40k CDA credentials/yr vs ~220k net-new hires required README.md:3 ANCHOR CDA Council
R256 H4.1 adjudicated at ~40% — parity is largest term but not majority README.md:3 ANCHOR FTE model
R257 ARPA replication check: evaluative literature does not exist yet README.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R258 Single-source-family confidence stands, register entry added README.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R259 School-age unmet demand quantified: 4 in 5 middle schoolers wanting afterschool can't get it README.md:3 NUMBER America After 3PM
R260 All-time high unmet demand in school-age afterschool README.md:3 PROGRAM-FACT America After 3PM
R261 Anchor 6: 17 supermajority states, not ~12 README.md:3 NUMBER NCSL verification
R262 Anchor 10: DCFSA raised to $7,500 for 2026 — employer channel expanding on two tracks README.md:3 NUMBER IRS
R263 Anchor 14: Netherlands — 2,000+ children removed README.md:3 NUMBER Netherlands data
R264 Anchor 15: NYC >60k in two years README.md:3 NUMBER NYC DOE data
R265 Three anchor rows remain blank by rule, none load-bearing README.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R266 Pass 1 execution of protocol workstreams (docs/research-inquiry.md) — 2026-08-03 README.md:7 DATE none stated
R267 Each file states findings with sources, hypothesis calls, what remains README.md:8 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R268 Baseline data work lives in ../baseline/ README.md:8 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R269 Phase 0 in ../docs/phase0-findings.md README.md:8 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R270 Pass 3 closed: H4.2 supported with criteria met README.md:3 ANCHOR none stated
R271 Pass 3: ARPA replication check ran and found evaluative literature does not exist yet README.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R272 Across Canada, Quebec, Germany, Australia, DC, and the US market — educators, not dollars, bind the ramp README.md:29 CAUSAL none stated
R273 Supply-side operating grants demonstrably suppress prices and hold supply (ARPA) README.md:29 CAUSAL ARPA stabilization data
R274 Demand-side subsidies demonstrably inflate fees (Australia) README.md:29 CAUSAL Australia data
R275 The Byrd rule permits financing and kills mandates README.md:29 STATUTORY none stated
R276 ARP minimum-wage strike is the controlling precedent README.md:29 STATUTORY ws11 documentation
R277 Procedurally viable path points at funded supply and compensation with standards housed inside federal spending programs README.md:29 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R278 Evidence favors segmented design — K–12-formula extension for school-age, mixed delivery under fallback-laddered for 3–4, supply-first-plus-caregiver-choice for 0–2 README.md:29 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R279 Supply and compensation money first, demand-side eligibility second, dedicated revenue throughout, no sunsets README.md:29 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R280 ARPA cliff measured what a sunset does README.md:29 CAUSAL ARPA data
R281 What pass 2 requires: formal §14 scorecard (highest-value first) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R282 §4 FTE-requirement model + per-hypothesis adjudication criteria per §0.3 README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R283 SIPP/NSECE microdata pass (H2.1 formal adjudication; paid-care precision) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R284 Primary-source passes flagged in ws10 (1971 veto text) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R285 Primary-source passes flagged in ws06 (Medicaid holdouts, tribal) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R286 Primary-source passes flagged in ws11 (CRS compilations) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R287 Primary-source passes flagged in ws13 (union resolutions, opposition primary texts) README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R288 Remaining anchors (rows 6–11, 14–20) and §17 register update remain queued README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R289 Red-team pass and steelmanned feasibility case assembly README.md:31 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R290 H2.1 — Majority of under-5s not in paid non-parental care supported baseline-v0.md:50 ANCHOR NSECE 2019 data
R291 59% in any nonparental care bounds paid share below majority once unpaid relative care and free public slots removed baseline-v0.md:50 CAUSAL NSECE 2019
R292 Microdata pass required to formally adjudicate H2.1 baseline-v0.md:50 CAUSAL none stated
R293 H2.2 — 0–3 and school-age have far weaker public infrastructure than 3–5 supported baseline-v0.md:51 ANCHOR spending data
R294 Preschool-band streams ≈$25B+ vs. $1.3B dedicated school-age (for 32.6M children) baseline-v0.md:51 NUMBER spending inventory
R295 0–3 served mainly by EHS and CCDF subsidy slots baseline-v0.md:51 PROGRAM-FACT HHS/ACF
R296 H2.3 — No unified national provider registry supported baseline-v0.md:52 ANCHOR none stated
R297 Federal "national database" covers licensing regulations, not providers baseline-v0.md:52 PROGRAM-FACT HHS
R298 Provider lookup routes to 50+ state systems baseline-v0.md:52 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R299 FCC counts exist for only 39 states baseline-v0.md:52 NUMBER CCAoA
R300 SIPP + NSECE microdata work: paid/unpaid split, arrangement × income × state baseline-v0.md:56 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R301 Complete spending inventory work: TANF, CACFP, IDEA, Title I, tax expenditures with single-vintage normalization baseline-v0.md:57 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R302 State-level supply reconciliation: state licensing files × CCDF administrative data, documenting incompatibilities per state baseline-v0.md:58 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R303 Private family spending distribution work: SIPP; CCAoA price data as cross-check baseline-v0.md:59 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R304 Incompatibility 1: Census PEP state file (SC-EST2024) covers 50 states + DC only incompatibility-log.md:7 STATUTORY none stated
R305 Puerto Rico and territories are separate files with different structures incompatibility-log.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R306 Committed denominator understates §-scope population incompatibility-log.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R307 Territories flagged in protocol scope line and §6 incompatibility-log.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R308 Fix: Add PR/territory pull in next increment or descope explicitly incompatibility-log.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R309 Incompatibility 2: Protocol §1.4 bands are deliberately fuzzy (0–~3, ~3–5, ~5–12) incompatibility-log.md:8 STATUTORY research-inquiry.md
R310 Pipeline cuts at 0–2 / 3–4 / 5–12 incompatibility-log.md:8 STATUTORY none stated
R311 Age-3 children (3.69M) sit in preschool here but infant/toddler in some programs incompatibility-log.md:8 NUMBER Census PEP data
R312 EHS runs to 3; many pre-K programs start at 4 incompatibility-log.md:8 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R313 Fixed cut documented; sensitivity check when program-specific analysis needs it incompatibility-log.md:8 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R314 Incompatibility 3: PEP civilian estimates vs. ACS resident population differ slightly incompatibility-log.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R315 Sub-1% differences at these ages but mixing sources would introduce silent inconsistency incompatibility-log.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R316 PEP is single denominator source for all baseline tables incompatibility-log.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R317 ACS used only for characteristics (income, employment) with difference noted incompatibility-log.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R318 Incompatibility 4: NHES-ECPP "nonparental care" ≠ "paid care" incompatibility-log.md:10 STATUTORY none stated
R319 Published toplines do not isolate payment incompatibility-log.md:10 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R320 H2.1 cannot be adjudicated from toplines incompatibility-log.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R321 SIPP/NSECE microdata pass scheduled incompatibility-log.md:10 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R322 Incompatibility 5: Licensed FCC home counts available for only 39 states incompatibility-log.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R323 2019–2022 comparison possible for 39 states only incompatibility-log.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R324 National FCC supply is a floor, not a count; trend direction reliable, level is not incompatibility-log.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R325 Reported as "39-state" figures, never as national totals incompatibility-log.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R326 Incompatibility 6: NIEER counts state-funded pre-K only incompatibility-log.md:12 STATUTORY none stated
R327 District- and city-funded programs fall outside NIEER incompatibility-log.md:12 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R328 State pre-K spending/enrollment is a floor on public preschool activity incompatibility-log.md:12 CAUSAL none stated
R329 Note carried on every NIEER-sourced figure incompatibility-log.md:12 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R330 Incompatibility 7: Spending streams have mixed vintages (FY2025 appropriations vs. SY2023–24 NIEER) incompatibility-log.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R331 Summing across streams mixes years incompatibility-log.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R332 Single-vintage normalization scheduled for complete inventory incompatibility-log.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R333 Incompatibility 8: ECPP arrangement categories overlap incompatibility-log.md:14 STATUTORY none stated
R334 Slots ≠ children — children in multiple arrangements; shares sum >100% incompatibility-log.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R335 All arrangement figures reported as participation rates, never summed incompatibility-log.md:14 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R336 H2.1 adjudication criteria: Supported if best available national estimate of paid arrangements <50% adjudication-criteria.md:6 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R337 H2.1: Refuted if ≥50% in paid arrangements adjudication-criteria.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R338 H2.1: Indeterminate if paid/unpaid cannot be separated within ±10pp of 50% line adjudication-criteria.md:8 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R339 H4.1 adjudication: Supported if parity payroll − current ≥50% of incremental cost adjudication-criteria.md:11 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R340 H4.1: Refuted if <35% under central assumptions adjudication-criteria.md:12 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R341 H4.1: Indeterminate if 35–50% or if facility/admin too uncertain adjudication-criteria.md:12 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R342 H4.2 adjudication: Supported if required net-new recruits exceed pipeline throughput for ≥3 of first 5 years adjudication-criteria.md:16 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R343 H4.2: Refuted if any US jurisdiction grew workforce faster than pipeline via wages alone adjudication-criteria.md:17 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R344 H4.2 refinement: split channels — retention (wage-responsive, fast) vs. recruitment (pipeline-bound, slow) adjudication-criteria.md:18 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R345 H9.1 adjudication per instrument: supported for demand-side if fee growth ≥ subsidy growth adjudication-criteria.md:21 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R346 H9.1: refuted for supply-side operating grants if prices fell/held while funds ≥$10B scale adjudication-criteria.md:21 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R347 ARPA evidence already meets H9.1 refutation threshold adjudication-criteria.md:21 CAUSAL none stated
R348 H11.1 adjudication: Supported if parliamentarian precedent shows behavioral mandates struck adjudication-criteria.md:24 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R349 H11.1: and no case of market-wide standards mandate surviving adjudication-criteria.md:24 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R350 H11.1: Refuted if any market-wide standard (not grant condition) survived Byrd review adjudication-criteria.md:25 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R351 H11.1 refinement: "finance survives, mandates die"; grant conditions contested middle adjudication-criteria.md:26 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R352 H12.3 adjudication: Supported if (a) ESI analogs show constituency effects AND (b) §45F uptake concentrates on large employers adjudication-criteria.md:29 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R353 H12.3: Refuted if employer-benefit growth coincides with rising business support for public provision adjudication-criteria.md:30 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R354 H12.3: Indeterminate expected; may not resolve from US data adjudication-criteria.md:31 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R355 H14.2 adjudication: Supported if per-band best outscores uniform best in ≥2 of 3 bands under ≥3 of 4 weightings adjudication-criteria.md:34 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R356 H14.2: Refuted if uniform architecture ranks first in ≥2 bands under most weightings adjudication-criteria.md:35 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R357 Deviations log opened with adjudication criteria adjudication-criteria.md:37 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R358 Steelmanned feasibility case: universality has already passed in the hardest places steelman-feasibility.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R359 Georgia universal pre-K: sustained for decades across partisan turnover steelman-feasibility.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R360 Oklahoma universal pre-K: sustained across partisan turnover steelman-feasibility.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R361 Florida universal VPK: sustained across partisan turnover steelman-feasibility.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R362 Two of three red-state universal pre-K are Medicaid holdout states steelman-feasibility.md:5 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R363 DoD child care system operates at scale with parity pay, unified standards, high measured quality steelman-feasibility.md:7 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R364 Question "can a US public system do this?" is settled — it does, today steelman-feasibility.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R365 DC's Pay Equity Fund measurably cut turnover within a funding cycle steelman-feasibility.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R366 DC Pay Equity Fund cost (~$70–90M/yr for a city) scales to single-digit billions nationally steelman-feasibility.md:9 ANCHOR none stated
R367 DC cost is single-digit billions nationally for existing workforce steelman-feasibility.md:9 NUMBER none stated
R368 Full program cost: $209B/yr steelman-feasibility.md:9 ANCHOR README.md
R369 Unifying Framework is a 15-organization consensus on credentials, pathways, compensation steelman-feasibility.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R370 Fault line everyone feared was solved by pre-negotiation steelman-feasibility.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R371 NHSA endorsed BBB's structure steelman-feasibility.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R372 1971 coalition fractured over church-state and delivery steelman-feasibility.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R373 2021 coalition held — BBB childcare title passed House intact steelman-feasibility.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R374 2021 title polled well steelman-feasibility.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R375 Business lobby now produces cost-of-inaction studies ($329B/decade, BPC) steelman-feasibility.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT BPC
R376 1971 opposition frame ("communal child rearing") has lost establishment sponsor steelman-feasibility.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R377 Current Chamber-adjacent argument: childcare shortage is workforce problem for business steelman-feasibility.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R378 Every component of the stable top-4 has run somewhere at scale steelman-feasibility.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R379 Federal-to-local grantee delivery: Head Start 60 years steelman-feasibility.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R380 Supply-side operating grants: $24B ARPA, administered by 50 states without headline scandal steelman-feasibility.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R381 Direct provision: DoD steelman-feasibility.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R382 School-formula finance: OK 25 years steelman-feasibility.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R383 Nothing in recommended architecture is untested machinery steelman-feasibility.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R384 The cliff proves salience: post-ARPA deterioration became measurable within months steelman-feasibility.md:17 CAUSAL none stated
R385 Childcare supply is now something whose loss is visible — precondition for durable programs steelman-feasibility.md:17 CAUSAL none stated
R386 The case does not claim 2.8M-FTE flow has precedent steelman-feasibility.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R387 The case does not claim any current Congress passes first bill steelman-feasibility.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R388 It claims components are proven, coalition assembled, opposition frame weaker, constituency exists steelman-feasibility.md:19 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R389 Failure scenarios contingent on design/sequencing, not structural impossibility steelman-feasibility.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R390 Difference between "hard" and "infeasible"; evidence supports "hard" steelman-feasibility.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R391 CCDF market-rate surveys anchor to broken market prices ws09-market-response.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R392 Cost-estimation models anchor to what quality actually costs ws09-market-response.md:13 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R393 Rate-setting choice has large distributional and supply consequences ws09-market-response.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R394 Georgia lottery earmark: ~30 yrs of operation ws03-cost.md:17 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R395 Georgia lottery earmark verified ws03-cost.md:17 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R396 Vermont payroll tax, NM permanent fund, Multnomah surtax pending primary-source pass ws03-cost.md:17 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R397 H3.1 (compensation dominates) directionally supported via labor share + wage-floor findings ws03-cost.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R398 H3.3 (0–12 ≫ 2× pre-K-only) supported directionally ws03-cost.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R399 School-age is 64% of population and absent from every collected estimate ws03-cost.md:19 CAUSAL baseline-v0.md, ws03-cost.md
R400 ARPA stabilization was $24B program with observable results ws09-market-response.md:5 ANCHOR CEA
R401 Red-team attack 1: workforce binds may be artifact of studying underpaying programs red-team.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R402 DC PEF shows parity-level funding fixes retention quickly red-team.md:7 CAUSAL ws04
R403 FTE model shows required flow is labor-market-scale movement no wage has produced on schedule red-team.md:7 CAUSAL FTE model
R404 Amendment: restate as "workforce binds at any historically attempted wage; at parity wages binding becomes flow/pipeline, untested" red-team.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R405 H4.2 call unchanged; confidence in "money can't fix it" reduced red-team.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R406 Red-team attack 2: ARPA price finding is pandemic artifact from interested source red-team.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R407 CEA (White House) analyzed its own program during pandemic-distorted dynamics red-team.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R408 Cost declines may reflect demand suppression, not grant efficacy red-team.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R409 Two-source rule not met by NWLC (advocacy) corroboration red-team.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R410 Expiry-side evidence (access deterioration, losses accelerating post-cliff) harder to attribute to pandemic red-team.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R411 Supply-side grants claim rests heavily on CEA analysis red-team.md:10 CAUSAL none stated
R412 Amendment: downgrade H9.1's supply-side inversion to supported-moderate, single-source-family red-team.md:11 CAUSAL none stated
R413 Queue independent replication (academic literature) in pass 3 red-team.md:11 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R414 Scorecard a6 passthrough=5 stands on expiry evidence but flagged red-team.md:11 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R415 Red-team attack 3: chain occupancy at 71% shows demand softness, not staffing limits red-team.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R416 KinderCare enrollment fell while prices rose red-team.md:13 CAUSAL KinderCare Q2 2025
R417 In served markets at current prices, demand is the margin red-team.md:13 CAUSAL none stated
R418 This cuts against "shortage everywhere" framing red-team.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R419 Amendment lands as segmentation red-team.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R420 Both true in different geographies: deserts supply-starved; metros price-rationed with slack red-team.md:14 CAUSAL none stated
R421 Strengthens case against uniform national instruments red-team.md:15 CAUSAL none stated
R422 Amendment applied to framing red-team.md:15 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R423 Red-team attack 4: supply-first politically fatal; durability score buried red-team.md:17 CAUSAL none stated
R424 GA/OK went demand-first universal and survived red-team.md:18 CAUSAL none stated
R425 Amendment partially lands red-team.md:18 CAUSAL none stated
R426 GA/OK delivered visible universal seats fast at modest quality red-team.md:18 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R427 Demand-first success at 4-year-old tier where capacity existed red-team.md:18 CAUSAL none stated
R428 Supply-first logic applies to 0–2 and compensation where capacity does not exist red-team.md:18 CAUSAL none stated
R429 ws16 sequence re-stated as visible-first where capacity exists, supply-first where it doesn't red-team.md:19 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R430 Segmentation already implied but sequencing draft under-stressed red-team.md:19 CAUSAL none stated
R431 Pure supply-first architecture's political fragility (durability score 2) is real and now explicit red-team.md:19 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R432 Red-team attack 5: stable top-4 reflects correlated scoring, not evidence red-team.md:21 CAUSAL none stated
R433 All four winners embody the analyst's pass-1 conclusions red-team.md:21 CAUSAL none stated
R434 If scores encode priors, stability measures internal consistency, not truth red-team.md:22 CAUSAL none stated
R435 Response: cannot be fully rebutted from inside red-team.md:22 CAUSAL none stated
R436 Deviation #2/#6 problem: single-analyst scoring red-team.md:22 CAUSAL none stated
R437 Mitigations in place: anchored scales authored first, cited cells, sample re-score red-team.md:22 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R438 Standing requirement: independent re-score by second reviewer before scorecard presented as conclusion red-team.md:23 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R439 Result should be stated as "the evidence as synthesized here ranks…" not "the answer is" red-team.md:23 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R440 Net effect: directional conclusions survive; three confidence downgrades applied red-team.md:26 CAUSAL none stated
R441 Downgrades: parity-wage untested at scale; ARPA price single-source-family; metro/desert framing red-team.md:26 CAUSAL none stated
R442 Segmented, sequenced recommendation survives all five attacks red-team.md:26 CAUSAL none stated
R443 Strengthened by attacks 3 and 4 red-team.md:26 CAUSAL none stated
R444 Byrd rule: quality standards, staff-to-child ratios, credential requirements plausibly vulnerable research-inquiry.md:292 STATUTORY none stated
R445 Byrd rule: wage floors vulnerable research-inquiry.md:292 STATUTORY none stated
R446 Byrd rule: licensing conditions vulnerable research-inquiry.md:292 STATUTORY none stated
R447 Byrd rule: civil-rights conditions on providers vulnerable research-inquiry.md:292 STATUTORY none stated
R448 Determine from parliamentarian precedent which categories survived and which struck research-inquiry.md:292 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R449 This is the single most important sub-question in workstream research-inquiry.md:292 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R450 Build Back Better was written time-limited to fit budget window ws11-legislative.md:13 STATUTORY CBO structure
R451 H11.2's mechanism confirmed by CBO structure ws11-legislative.md:13 CAUSAL CBO
R452 ARPA cliff is the measured preview of what reconciliation sunset does ws11-legislative.md:13 CAUSAL ws09
R453 Relief_workforce dimension: 1=no compensation, 3=partial/indirect, 5=parity + pipeline funding scorecard/scales.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R454 Relief_supply dimension: 1=builds nothing, 3=holds existing (stabilization), 5=builds new incl. rural scorecard/scales.md:8 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R455 Coverage_02 dimension: 1≈no 0–2s, 3=subsidized/poor only, 5=universal incl. home scorecard/scales.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R456 Coverage_34 dimension: 1=none, 3=partial, 5=universal scorecard/scales.md:10 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R457 Coverage_512 dimension: 1=none, 3=some districts, 5=universal wraparound + summer scorecard/scales.md:11 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R458 Procedural dimension: 1=60 votes + Byrd fails, 3=reconcilable with strips, 5=clean fit scorecard/scales.md:12 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R459 Federalism dimension: 1=holdout collapse, 3=incentives only, 5=holdout-proof scorecard/scales.md:13 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R460 Durability dimension: 1=annual appropriations no constituency, 3=broad OR dedicated, 5=both + entanglement scorecard/scales.md:14 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R461 Passthrough_risk (5=low): 1=pure demand, 3=mixed, 5=supply-side or direct scorecard/scales.md:15 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R462 Participation_risk (5=low): 1=incumbents needed below-cost, 3=cost-based, 5=doesn't depend scorecard/scales.md:16 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R463 Preference_fit dimension: 1=center-only, 3=mixed weak home, 5=funds chosen arrangement per band scorecard/scales.md:17 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R464 Integrity_risk (5=low): 1=Netherlands-shaped clawback, 3=standard oversight, 5=direct or small-N scorecard/scales.md:18 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R465 Distributional dimension: 1=high-income concentration, 3=proportional, 5=burden peak + deserts scorecard/scales.md:19 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R466 Evaluability dimension: 1=no variation, 3=observational, 5=staged lottery rollout scorecard/scales.md:20 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R467 Protocol's 23 dimensions consolidated to 14 for this pass scorecard/scales.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R468 Omitted dimensions fold into retained or lack evidence scorecard/scales.md:3 CAUSAL none stated
R469 Omitted dimensions scored narratively in rationale where evidence exists scorecard/scales.md:3 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R470 Top 4 stable under all four objective weightings, no flips scorecard/rationale.md:5 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R471 Head Start scaled (a3) top-4 member scorecard/rationale.md:5 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R472 Supply-first (a6) top-4 member scorecard/rationale.md:5 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R473 Public option (a8) top-4 member scorecard/rationale.md:5 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R474 Fallback ladder (a9) top-4 member scorecard/rationale.md:5 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R475 Rank stability means recommendation does not depend on resolving objective question scorecard/rationale.md:5 CAUSAL none stated
R476 Strongest kind of result method can produce scorecard/rationale.md:5 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R477 The stable four share: supply-side money, compensation funded not mandated, standards in spending programs, holdout-robust scorecard/rationale.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R478 Four are not rivals but components scorecard/rationale.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R479 a3/a9 are delivery chassis scorecard/rationale.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R480 a6 is ramp strategy scorecard/rationale.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R481 a8 is direct-provision backstop scorecard/rationale.md:7 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R482 Fully compatible with ws16 sequence and ws14 segmentation scorecard/rationale.md:7 CAUSAL none stated
R483 K–12 extension (a4) ranks 5–6 overall only because 1 on 0–2 coverage scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R484 Within school-age band a4 is best instrument scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R485 ws14 segmentation stands scorecard/rationale.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R486 Caregiver-choice (a11) mid-table overall but only 5 on 0–2 coverage and preference fit scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R487 a11 role is 0–2 segment component, not standalone scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R488 Cash comparator beats three real architectures under equity weighting scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R489 Burden-relief is real scorecard/rationale.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R490 Cash scores 1–2 on every supply dimension scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R491 Exactly the decomposition benchmark exists to show scorecard/rationale.md:9 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R492 Demand-side allowance (a5) ranks last under nearly every weighting scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R493 Federalized Tri-Share (a10) ranks last under nearly every weighting scorecard/rationale.md:9 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R494 Two most politically fashionable designs are least evidence-supported scorecard/rationale.md:9 CAUSAL none stated
R495 a3 federalism=5: direct-federal/fallback vs. CBO non-participation base case scorecard/rationale.md:13 SCORECARD-BASIS ws06
R496 a9 federalism=5: direct-federal/fallback vs. CBO non-participation base case scorecard/rationale.md:13 SCORECARD-BASIS ws06
R497 10 verified holdout states scorecard/rationale.md:13 NUMBER KFF
R498 a6 passthrough=5: ARPA stabilization price evidence scorecard/rationale.md:14 SCORECARD-BASIS ws09
R499 a5 passthrough=1: Australia fee inflation scorecard/rationale.md:15 SCORECARD-BASIS ws15
R500 a5 integrity=1: Netherlands clawback catastrophe scorecard/rationale.md:15 SCORECARD-BASIS ws15
R501 a8 participation=5: don't depend on incumbents accepting public rates scorecard/rationale.md:16 SCORECARD-BASIS ws12
R502 a3 participation=4: don't depend on incumbents scorecard/rationale.md:16 SCORECARD-BASIS ws12
R503 Chains rationalizing at ~71% occupancy scorecard/rationale.md:16 PROGRAM-FACT ws12
R504 a4 durability=5: GA/OK/FL multi-decade survival via school/lottery scorecard/rationale.md:17 SCORECARD-BASIS ws15
R505 a7 durability=5: dedicated revenue vs. DC-PEF annual survival scorecard/rationale.md:18 SCORECARD-BASIS ws04
R506 a11 coverage_02=5: NSECE unpaid individual care modal 0–2 scorecard/rationale.md:19 SCORECARD-BASIS ws08
R507 a11 preference_fit=5: NSECE data scorecard/rationale.md:19 SCORECARD-BASIS ws08
R508 a2 relief low: Germany entitlement produces litigation not slots scorecard/rationale.md:20 SCORECARD-BASIS ws15
R509 Re-reasoned a5, a11 against scales without reference to first pass scorecard/rationale.md:24 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R510 a5 distributional 2→3: income-scaled allowance targets near-poor burden peak scorecard/rationale.md:25 SCORECARD-BASIS ws08
R511 First score conflated supply failure with distributional failure scorecard/rationale.md:25 CAUSAL none stated
R512 a11 relief_supply 1→2: monetizing kin care retains existing informal capacity scorecard/rationale.md:26 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R513 FFN exit is real supply loss scorecard/rationale.md:26 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R514 First score treated "builds nothing new" as "holds nothing" scorecard/rationale.md:26 CAUSAL none stated
R515 a4 procedural 3→4 considered, not applied scorecard/rationale.md:27 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R516 State-led OK route needs no federal act scorecard/rationale.md:27 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R517 Retained 3 because scored object is federal architecture scorecard/rationale.md:27 PROGRAM-FACT none stated
R518 Re-run after adjustments: top-4 set and order unchanged under all weightings scorecard/rationale.md:28 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R519 H14.2 adjudication: segmented-beats-uniform supported scorecard/rationale.md:32 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R520 Best per-band instruments each outscore every uniform architecture within band under all four weightings scorecard/rationale.md:32 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R521 No uniform architecture leads any two bands scorecard/rationale.md:32 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
R522 Formal criteria met: ≥2 of 3 bands, ≥3 of 4 weightings scorecard/rationale.md:32 SCORECARD-BASIS none stated
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